obo-all/amphibian_anatomy/amphibian_anatomy.obo file obo-all/amphibian_anatomy/amphibian_anatomy.obo amphibian_anatomy.obo be2c1a952426e6741a984a5ad2cea450 1214252406 1214252409

1.0 18:06:2008 13:34 annemaglia OBO-Edit 1.101 amphibanat

AAO:0000001 adipose_tissue Tissue that contains adipocytes, used for cushioning, thermal insulation, lubrication (primarily in the pericardium) and energy storage. LAP AAO AAO:0000099 amphibanat AAO:0000002 alary_cartilage Paired, cup-shaped cartilage that are dorsal to the septomaxillae and anterior to the oblique cartilage. The anterior, convex face of each alary cartilage is synchondrotically fused to the superior prenasal cartilage and the ventral edge is fused to the superior margin of the crista intermedia. LAP AAO alinasal cartilage cartilago alaris cartilago alaris nasi cartilago cupullaris copula anterior naseflngelknorpel processus alaris second upper labial OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000003 alary_process_of_premaxilla Dorsal process that extends toward the nasal bone. The posterior (inner) face of each alary process is concave and is invested dorsomedially by the superior prenasal cartilage and ventromedially by the inferior prenasal cartilage. LAP AAO dorsal process of premaxilla pars dorsalis of premaxilla pars facialis of premaxilla pars frontalis of premaxilla pars prenasalis of premaxilla premaxillary spine processus ascendens of premaxilla processus frontalis of premaxilla processus nasalis of premaxilla OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000461 amphibanat AAO:0000006 alveolar_foramen Foramen for the R. alveolaris of Nerve VII and the alveolar artery. LAP AAO AAO:0000273 inferior dental foramen amphibanat AAO:0000007 anatomical_system amphibanat 1 AAO:0000010 angular postoperculare praearticulare AAO:0000274 amphibanat AAO:0000012 angulosplenial_coronoid_process Point of insertion of the adductor mandibulae musculature. LAP AAO AAO:0000274 amphibanat AAO:0000013 animal_tissue AAO:0000607 amphibanat AAO:0000015 anterior_maxillary_process Process that extends anteriorly from the planum triangulare and invests the medial face of the pars facialis of the maxilla. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000016 anterior_nasal_wall Paired, vertical, and relatively straight plates that form the anterior limit of the nasal capsule. LAP AAO prenasal wall solum anterius OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000017 anterior_process_of_pars_palatina_of_maxilla OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000413 amphibanat AAO:0000018 anterior_ramus_of_pterygoid In a triradiate pterygoid, the process that extends anteriorly towards the maxilla. LAP AAO ramus maxillaris of pterygoid OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000521 amphibanat AAO:0000020 anterolateral_process_of_frontoparietal OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000207 amphibanat AAO:0000022 antorbital_process OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000400 amphibanat AAO:0000024 apertura_nasalis_externa Hole on the nasal capsule that connects the nasal cavity with the exterior. LAP AAO external naris external nostril nostril AAO:0000316 amphibanat AAO:0000025 apertura_nasalis_interna Hole on the nasal capsule that connects the nasal and buccal cavites. LAP AAO Choana internal naris internal nostril AAO:0000316 amphibanat AAO:0000027 areolar_connective_tissue Also known as loose connective tissue. A pliable, mesh-like tissue with a fluid matrix that functions to cushion and protect body organs. LAP AAO AAO:0000099 amphibanat AAO:0000028 articular Endochondral ossification of the posterior articular part of Meckel's cartilage. LAP AAO angulaire angulare dermarticulare goniale operculo angulaire OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000274 amphibanat AAO:0000031 ascending_process_of_palatoquadrate apophyse ascendens cartilage craniofacial oberste abteilung des zweiten visceralbogens pedicle pediculus processus ascendens of palatoquadrate schlafenflugelknorpel OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000379 amphibanat AAO:0000032 auditory_muscles AAO:0000107 amphibanat AAO:0000033 autonomic_nervous_system AAO:0000429 amphibanat AAO:0000034 axial_skeleton The axial skeleton is formed by the vertebral column, a metameric, semi-flexible, arched bar located in the dorsal part of the trunk, and is formed by a series of cartilaginous or bony vertebrae. It provides suspension for the appendicular skeleton and protection for the spinal nerve cord. Pugener_and_Maglia_2008 AAO spinal column vertebral column OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000566 amphibanat AAO:0000036 basal_process_of_palatoquadrate Process that extends medially from the ventromedial corner of the palatoquadrate cartilage and articulates or fuses to the anterior wall of the otic capsule via the basitrabecular process. LAP AAO processus basalis OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000379 amphibanat AAO:0000037 basicranial_fontanelle Ventral opening of the neurocranium. LAP AAO AAO:0000051 amphibanat AAO:0000038 basimandibulare OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000274 amphibanat AAO:0000039 basioccipital OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000040 basisphenoid Endochondral ossification of the ventromedial portion of the braincase. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000041 bidders_organ OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000624 amphibanat AAO:0000042 blastoderm AAO:0000138 amphibanat AAO:0000043 blastodisc AAO:0000138 amphibanat AAO:0000044 blastomere AAO:0000138 amphibanat AAO:0000045 blastopore AAO:0000138 amphibanat AAO:0000046 blood Highly specialized circulating tissue consisting of several types of cells suspended in a fluid medium known as plasma. LAP AAO AAO:0000571 amphibanat AAO:0000047 bone Also called osseous tissue, (Latin: os). Is a type of hard endoskeletal connective tissue found in many vertebrate animals. Bone is the main tissue of body organs; organs that support body structures, protect internal organs, (in conjunction with muscles) facilitate movement; and are involved with cell formation, calcium metabolism, and mineral storage. LAP AAO AAO:0000571 amphibanat AAO:0000049 bottle_cells AAO:0000138 amphibanat AAO:0000050 braincase_and_auditory_apparatus The part of the skull that encloses the brain and surrounds the inner ear. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000109 amphibanat AAO:0000051 braincase_and_otic_capsule_opening AAO:0000050 amphibanat AAO:0000052 braincase_and_otic_capsule_skeleton AAO:0000050 amphibanat AAO:0000053 buccal_cavity OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000129 amphibanat AAO:0000054 buccopharyngeal_cavity OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000541 amphibanat AAO:0000057 canalis_semircularis_anterior OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000420 amphibanat AAO:0000058 canalis_semircularis_posterior OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000420 amphibanat AAO:0000059 capsular_process Narrow process of the skeletal support that projects forward. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000565 amphibanat AAO:0000060 cartilage A type of dense connective tissue. It is composed of cells called chondrocytes which are dispersed in a firm gel-like ground substance, called the matrix. Cartilage is avascular (contains no blood vessels) and nutrients are diffused through the matrix. Cartilage is found in the joints, the rib cage, the ear, the nose, in the throat and between intervertebral disks. It makes up virtually the entire skeleton in chondrichthyes. LAP AAO AAO:0000571 amphibanat AAO:0000061 cartilage_bridge OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000068 cartilago_ectochoanalis Lateral cartilaginous border of the fenestra endochoanalis. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000069 cartilago_infranarina OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000074 cartilago_orbitalis dorsale randspange OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000078 cartilago_prootico-occipitalis OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000079 cartilago_retronarina OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000080 caudal-sacral_region Region of the vertebral column posterior to the sacrum consisting of two to four vertebrae. The last of these vertebrae is distinguished by the possession of a well-developed haemal arch; it supports the posterior part of the cloaca and marks the posterior limit of the trunk. Duellman_and_Treub_1994 AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000699 amphibanat AAO:0000081 caudal_muscles OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000307 amphibanat AAO:0000082 caudal_region Region of the vertebral column posterior to the caudal-sacral region, that may consists of two or three to more than 100 vertebrae. These vertebrae exhibit a gradual reduction in the sizes of their transverse processes and zygapophyses, but these structures are never entirely absent. All caudal vertebrae bear haemal arches. Duellman_and_Trueb_1994 AAO postsacral region tail region OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000699 amphibanat AAO:0000085 cavum_inferius Accessory cavity located ventral to the cavum principale and cavum medius. LAP AAO AAO:0000314 amphibanat AAO:0000086 cavum_internasale AAO:0000314 amphibanat AAO:0000087 cavum_medius Small accessory cavity located between the cavum principale and cavum inferius. LAP AAO AAO:0000314 amphibanat AAO:0000088 cavum_praenasale AAO:0000314 amphibanat AAO:0000089 cavum_principale Largest and most dorsal of the nasal cavities. LAP AAO AAO:0000314 amphibanat AAO:0000090 central_nervous_system OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000324 amphibanat AAO:0000091 cervical_muscles OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000307 amphibanat AAO:0000092 cervical_region Anterior region of the vertebral column consisting of one to 19 or 20 vertebrae. Duellman_and_Trueb_1994 AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000699 amphibanat AAO:0000093 choana Opening between the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000541 amphibanat AAO:0000094 chondrocranium AAO:0000265 amphibanat AAO:0000095 cloaca OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000624 amphibanat AAO:0000098 connective_tissue One of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications. It is largely a category of exclusion rather than one with a precise definition, but there are certain characteristics shared by all or most tissues in this category, such as involvement in structure and support, derived from mesoderm, and characterized largely by the traits of non-living tissue. LAP AAO AAO:0000013 amphibanat AAO:0000099 connective_tissue_proper AAO:0000098 amphibanat AAO:0000103 coronoid OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000274 amphibanat AAO:0000104 coronoid_teeth OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000126 amphibanat AAO:0000107 cranial_muscles OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000307 amphibanat AAO:0000108 cranial_nerves OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000324 amphibanat AAO:0000109 cranial_skeleton Bony structure that encases the central nervous system and the primary sense organs of sight, olfaction, hearing, and equilibrium. Duellman_and_Trueb_1994 AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000566 amphibanat AAO:0000110 crista_contacta Thin, horizontal ridge that extends medially from the corpus of the septomaxilla; it lays on the lamina inferior. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000645 amphibanat AAO:0000111 crista_dentalis_of_maxilla OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000396 amphibanat AAO:0000112 crista_dentalis_of_premaxilla dental ridge of premaxilla OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000397 amphibanat AAO:0000113 crista_intermedia Paired, oblique plates of cartilage located ventral to the alary cartilages. The dorsomedial margin of each crista intermedia is fused to the transitional zone between the septum nasi and the tectum nasi, whereas the ventrolateral margin bears two laminae, the lamina superior and the lamina inferior. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000115 crista_lateralis_of_premaxilla OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000461 amphibanat AAO:0000116 crista_parotica processus muscularis capsulae auditivae processus squamosus tegmen tympani OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000117 crista_subnasalis Ventral crest of the paries nasi. LAP AAO subnasal crest OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000118 crista_supraorbitalis Short and blunt process that extends posteriorly from the posteromedial margin of the postnasal wall, on the anterodorsal corner of the orbit above the medial orbitonasal foramen. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000119 cutaneous_muscles OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000611 amphibanat AAO:0000121 dense_connective_tissue Also known as fibrous connective tissue. Forms ligaments and tendons and is characterized by densely packed collagen fibers that have great tensile strength. LAP AAO AAO:0000099 amphibanat AAO:0000124 dentary Ossified element of intramembranous origin that invests the lateral margin of the mentomeckelian bone and Meckel's cartilage, thus forming the lateral margin of the mandible. LAP AAO dentale os dentale sur-angulaire OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000274 amphibanat AAO:0000125 dentary_teeth OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000126 amphibanat AAO:0000126 dentition Dentition refers to set of teeth, especially with regard to their number, kind, and arrangement, in the mouth. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000109 amphibanat AAO:0000128 dermis AAO:0000239 amphibanat AAO:0000129 digestive_system AAO:0000007 amphibanat AAO:0000130 digestive_system_glands OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000129 amphibanat AAO:0000131 dilatatio_alaris Flange that extends ventrally from about the middle portion of the margo mandibularis. LAP AAO ventral flange of anterior ramus of pterygoid OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000280 amphibanat AAO:0000132 dorsal_plate OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000135 ductus_endolymphaticus OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000141 amphibanat AAO:0000136 ductus_perilymphaticus OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000428 amphibanat AAO:0000137 ectoderm AAO:0000480 amphibanat AAO:0000138 embryonic_structure amphibanat 1 AAO:0000139 endoderm AAO:0000480 amphibanat AAO:0000141 endolymphatic_system OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000238 amphibanat AAO:0000142 epaxial_muscles OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000611 amphibanat AAO:0000143 epidermis AAO:0000239 amphibanat AAO:0000144 epithelium One of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications. Tissues composed of layers of cells that cover organ surfaces such as surface of the skin and inner lining of digestive tract. LAP AAO AAO:0000013 amphibanat AAO:0000145 esophagus OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000129 amphibanat AAO:0000146 eustachian_canal Furrow on the ventral surface of the otic capsule, and occasionally also the parasphenoid, that houses the Eustachian tube. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000147 exoccipital Endochondral bone that forms the posterior end of the neurocranium and the margin of the foramen magnum. In addition, this bone contributes to the posteromedial portion of the otic capsule and forms the occipital condyle. LAP AAO exoccipitale occipitale laterale opisthoticum pleurooccipitale OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000155 extremitas_anterior Large anterior outgrowth of the septomaxilla that is directed into the space between the alary cartilage and the lamina inferior. LAP AAO anterior ramus OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000556 amphibanat AAO:0000156 eye_muscles AAO:0000107 amphibanat AAO:0000157 fat_bodies OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000624 amphibanat AAO:0000160 fenestra_dorsalis_nasi AAO:0000316 amphibanat AAO:0000161 fenestra_endochoanalis Opening on the ventral aspect of the nasal capsule. It contains the apertura nasalis interna. LAP AAO fenestra exochoanalis AAO:0000316 amphibanat AAO:0000162 fenestra_endonarina_communis Opening on the anterolateral aspect of the nasal capsule. It contains the apertura nasalis externa. LAP AAO apertura nasalis externa fenestra narina narial fenestra AAO:0000316 amphibanat AAO:0000164 fenestra_lateralis_nasi Opening on the lateral side of the nasal capsule. LAP AAO fenestra infraconchalis fenestra retronarina AAO:0000316 amphibanat AAO:0000166 fenestra_nasobasalis Small opening at the anterior tip of the nasal capsule, on the floor of the cavum inferius. It is located medially to the base of the inferior prenasal cartilage and serves for the passage of the ramus medialis narium and arteria orbitonasalis. LAP AAO basal fenestra fenestra basalis nasi foramen apicale foramen epiphaniale nasobasal fenestra AAO:0000316 amphibanat AAO:0000167 fenestra_nasolateralis Elongated opening located on the lateral side of the nasal capsule. LAP AAO AAO:0000316 amphibanat AAO:0000169 fenestra_ovalis fenestra vestibuli foramen ovale AAO:0000051 amphibanat AAO:0000170 fenestra_precerebralis AAO:0000316 amphibanat AAO:0000171 fenestra_prechoanalis Large opening of the nasal floor anterior to the fenestra endochoanalis. LAP AAO AAO:0000316 amphibanat AAO:0000177 flange_of_quadratojugal OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000532 amphibanat AAO:0000178 footplate_of_pars_media_plectri Independent, horizontal bar of cartilage located on the anterior part of the fenestra ovalis in front of the pars interna plectri. LAP AAO fenestral plate interstapediale otostapes pars otica columellae pseudooperculum OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000408 amphibanat AAO:0000179 foramen_acusticum acoustic foramen AAO:0000051 amphibanat AAO:0000180 foramen_acusticum_anterius OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000179 amphibanat AAO:0000181 foramen_acusticum_maius OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000180 amphibanat AAO:0000182 foramen_acusticum_minus OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000180 amphibanat AAO:0000183 foramen_acusticum_posterius OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000179 amphibanat AAO:0000185 foramen_endolymphaticum endolymphatic foramen AAO:0000051 amphibanat AAO:0000189 foramen_orbitonasale_laterale AAO:0000316 amphibanat AAO:0000190 foramen_orbitonasale_mediale canalis orbitonasalis canalis orbitonasalis medialis foramen orbitonasale AAO:0000316 amphibanat AAO:0000192 foramen_perilymphaticum AAO:0000051 amphibanat AAO:0000193 foramen_perilymphaticum_accessorium OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000192 amphibanat AAO:0000194 foramen_perilymphaticum_superius foramen rotundum superior perilymphatic formaen OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000192 amphibanat AAO:0000195 foramen_perilymphaticus_inferius foramen pro aquaeducto cochleae inferior perilymphatic foramen OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000192 amphibanat AAO:0000199 fore_propodium Segment of the forearm corresponding to the humerus. Duellman_and_Trueb_1994 AAO AAO:0000202 amphibanat AAO:0000200 fore_epipodium Segment of the forearm corresponding to the radius and ulna. Duellman_and_Trueb_1994 AAO antibrachium AAO:0000202 amphibanat AAO:0000201 fore_mesopodium Segment of the forearm corresponding to the carpus. It consists of several elements that articulate with the radius and ulna at one end and the metacarpals at the other end. Duellman_and_Trueb_1994 AAO AAO:0000202 amphibanat AAO:0000202 forelimb_skeleton Skeletal structure of the paired, anterior appendages. LAP AAO AAO:0000205 amphibanat AAO:0000203 forelimb_muscles_proper AAO:0000204 amphibanat AAO:0000204 forelimb_muscles OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000307 amphibanat AAO:0000205 forelimb Upper limb, which connects the manus with the pectoral girdle. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000747 amphibanat AAO:0000206 frontal OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000207 frontoparietal Paired bone of intramembranous origin that roofs the braincase. LAP AAO fronto-parietaux os fronto-parietale parietaux parietofrontal OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000208 frontoparietal_constriction OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000207 amphibanat AAO:0000209 frontoparietal_fontanelle Dorsal opening of the neurocranium. LAP AAO AAO:0000051 amphibanat AAO:0000211 germ_ring AAO:0000138 amphibanat AAO:0000212 glands AAO:0000239 amphibanat AAO:0000213 gonad OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000624 amphibanat AAO:0000216 hind_epipodium Segment of the leg corresponding to the tibia and fibula. Duellman_and_Trueb_1994 AAO AAO:0000217 amphibanat AAO:0000217 hind_limb_skeleton Skeletal structure of the paired, posterior appendages. LAP AAO AAO:0000219 amphibanat AAO:0000218 hind_limb_muscles_proper AAO:0000222 amphibanat AAO:0000219 hind_limb Lower limb, which connects the pes with the pelvic girdle. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000747 amphibanat AAO:0000220 hind_mesopodium Segment of the leg corresponding to the tarsus. It consists of several elements that articulate with the tibia and fibula at one end and the metatarsals at the other end. Duellman_and_Trueb_1994 AAO AAO:0000217 amphibanat AAO:0000221 hind_metapodium Segment of the leg corresponding to the metatarsus, which articulates with the carpals at one end and with the phalanges at the other end. Duellman_and_Trueb_1994 AAO AAO:0000217 amphibanat AAO:0000222 hindlimb_muscles OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000307 amphibanat AAO:0000224 hyobranchial_muscles AAO:0000107 amphibanat AAO:0000225 hyoid_apparatus Apparatus located in the floor of the mouth, under the mandibular arcade. The apparatus consists of a central corpus and four pairs of processes. This apparatus serves as the site of insertion for a variety of muscles associated with movements of the tongue and as the origin of the m. hyoglossus. Duellman_and_Trueb_1994 AAO hyobranchial apparatus OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000226 amphibanat AAO:0000226 hyolaryngeal_complex Complex formed by two units, the hyoid and laryngeal apparatuses, which are both derived from the larval hyobranchial skeleton. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000566 amphibanat AAO:0000228 hypaxial_muscles OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000611 amphibanat AAO:0000229 hypoblast AAO:0000138 amphibanat AAO:0000234 inferior_prenasal_cartilage Elongate cartilage that extends anteroventrally from the solum nasi to abut the ventral portion of the posterior aspect of the alary process of the premaxilla. It was first discribed by Wiedersheim in 1876. LAP AAO inferior prenasal process processus prenasalis inferior processus prenasalis inferior lateralis OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000237 infrarrostral_cartilage OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000094 amphibanat AAO:0000238 inner_ear OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000239 integument AAO:0000007 amphibanat AAO:0000246 intestines OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000129 amphibanat AAO:0000247 jaw_muscles AAO:0000107 amphibanat AAO:0000249 jugular_foramen Large foramen that houses the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves and is located inside the condyloid fossa. LAP AAO AAO:0000051 amphibanat AAO:0000250 kidney OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000624 amphibanat AAO:0000253 lagena OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000550 amphibanat AAO:0000254 lamella_alaris Dorsal plate of the squamosal. LAP AAO horizontal arm of squamosal OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000574 amphibanat AAO:0000255 lamina_anterior_of_pars_facialis OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000400 amphibanat AAO:0000259 lamina_inferior Lateral expansion of the crista intermedia that serves as the floor of the cavum medium. LAP AAO lamina inferior cristae intermediae OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000260 lamina_nariochoanalis Free, dorsal margin of the lamina inferior. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000262 lamina_orbitonasalis In the larva, structure that is fused to the wall of the braincase, lateral to the olfactory foramen, and separates the nasal capsule and orbit. In the adult frog it constitutes the ventral part of postnasal wall. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000263 lamina_precerebralis Posterior face of septum nasi. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000264 lamina_superior Lateral expansion of the crista intermedia that serves as the roof of the cavum medium. LAP AAO Lamina superior cristae intermediae OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000265 larval_structure amphibanat 1 AAO:0000267 laryngeal_apparatus Apparatus located between the lungs and the buccal cavity. This apparatus is composed of a pair of arytenoid cartilages that are supported by the cricoid ring. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000226 amphibanat AAO:0000268 larynx OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000541 amphibanat AAO:0000269 lateral_line_system AAO:0000555 amphibanat AAO:0000272 lower_jaw Inferior mandibular arch located on the anterior and lateral sides of the skull. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000109 amphibanat AAO:0000273 lower_jaw_opening AAO:0000272 amphibanat AAO:0000274 lower_jaw_skeleton AAO:0000272 amphibanat AAO:0000275 lungs OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000541 amphibanat AAO:0000277 mandibular_symphysis OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000272 amphibanat AAO:0000280 margo_mandibularis_of_pterygoid Ventrally directed margin that connects the anterior and posterior rami of the pterygoid. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000521 amphibanat AAO:0000281 margo_orbitalis_of_maxilla Dorsal margin of the maxilla between the frontal and zygomatico-maxillary processes. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000285 amphibanat AAO:0000282 margo_orbitalis_of_pterygoid Margin that connects the anterior and medial rami of the pterygoid. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000521 amphibanat AAO:0000283 margo_orbitalis_of_squamosal Anterior margin of the squamosal that takes part in the formation of the orbit. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000254 amphibanat AAO:0000284 margo_tympanicus_of_pterygoid Margin that connects the posterior and medial rami of the pterygoid. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000521 amphibanat AAO:0000285 maxilla Paired, intramembranous bone located on the lateral sides of the skull, posterior to the premaxillae. LAP AAO os maxillaire os maxillare superior os maxillo-jugaux OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000622 amphibanat AAO:0000287 maxillary_teeth OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000126 amphibanat AAO:0000288 maxillopalatine OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000622 amphibanat AAO:0000289 Meckel's_cartilage Paired, rod-shaped elements that extend the length of the mandible and lie between the dentaries and the angulosplenials. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000274 amphibanat AAO:0000290 medial_inferior_prenasal_cartilage OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000291 medial_orbitonasal_foramen Opening on the postnasal wall for the medial branch (= ramus medialis nasi) of the ophthalmicus nerve. LAP AAO AAO:0000316 amphibanat AAO:0000292 medial_ramus_of_pterygoid In a triradiate pterygoid, the process that extends medially towards the otic capsule. LAP AAO ramus interior of pterygoid OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000521 amphibanat AAO:0000294 median_prenasal_process Anterior projection of the septum nasi that protrudes through the anterior nasal wall. LAP AAO processus prenasalis medius OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000559 amphibanat AAO:0000295 median_symphysis OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000620 amphibanat AAO:0000298 mental_foramen AAO:0000273 amphibanat AAO:0000301 mentomeckelian Paired, cylindrical, and small bones of endochondral origin that lie anteromedial to the anterior end of Meckel's cartilage. The precursors of the mentomeckelian bones are the larval infrarostral cartilages. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000274 amphibanat AAO:0000303 mesethmoid Endochondral ossification of the anteromedial portion of the braincase. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000304 mesoderm AAO:0000480 amphibanat AAO:0000306 muscle_tissue One of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications. Tissue that contains cells with contractile filaments that move past each other and change the size of the cell. Muscle tissue also is separated into three distinct categories. LAP AAO AAO:0000013 amphibanat AAO:0000307 muscular_system AAO:0000007 amphibanat AAO:0000309 narial_muscles AAO:0000107 amphibanat AAO:0000311 naris OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000541 amphibanat AAO:0000312 nasal Paired bone of intramembranous origin that roofs the olfactory capsule. LAP AAO frontaux anterieurs fronto-nasale fronto-nasaux nasale nasenstirnbein supraethmoid OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000313 nasal_capsule Structure that has both respiratory and olfactory functions and lies anterior to the braincase, in the foremost section of the cranium. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000109 amphibanat AAO:0000314 nasal_cavity Saclike space internal to the nasal capsule lined by respiratory and sensory epithelium and glandular tissue. LAP AAO AAO:0000313 amphibanat AAO:0000316 nasal_opening AAO:0000313 amphibanat AAO:0000320 nasal_skeleton Structural framework that provides support to the nasal sacs and ducts. LAP AAO AAO:0000313 amphibanat AAO:0000323 nasopremaxilla OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000622 amphibanat AAO:0000324 nervous_system AAO:0000007 amphibanat AAO:0000325 nervous_tissue One of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications. Cells forming the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system. LAP AAO AAO:0000013 amphibanat AAO:0000327 notochord Slender rod of fibrous connective tissue surrounding a core of fluid-filled cells of mesodermal origin; it lies above the gut and directly beneath the spinal cord. The notochord is present during early development and in a few cases it is retained through life; however, usually the notochord is replaced by the vertebral column. Pugener_2002 AAO AAO:0000138 amphibanat AAO:0000329 oblique_cartilage Semi-circular cartilaginous sheet that lies lateral to the side of the septum nasi. LAP AAO cartilago obliqua cartilago obliqua nasi cartilago obliquo dorsal process lamina obliqua OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000330 occipital_condyle OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000147 amphibanat AAO:0000332 oculomotor_foramen AAO:0000051 amphibanat AAO:0000333 olfactory_foramen AAO:0000316 amphibanat AAO:0000334 olfactory_system OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000555 amphibanat AAO:0000341 optic_fenestra AAO:0000051 amphibanat AAO:0000342 optic_foramen AAO:0000051 amphibanat AAO:0000343 orbit AAO:0000051 amphibanat AAO:0000344 orbitonasal_foramen Foramen that forms a passage for one of the branches of the trigeminal nerve into the nasal region. LAP AAO AAO:0000051 amphibanat AAO:0000345 orbitosphenoid Endochondral ossification of the lateral sides of the braincase. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000346 organizer AAO:0000138 amphibanat AAO:0000347 os_articulare Ossified posterior articular portion of Meckel's cartilage. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000289 amphibanat AAO:0000348 os_basale OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000362 other_muscles OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000307 amphibanat AAO:0000363 otic_ligament OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000379 amphibanat AAO:0000364 otic_plate_of_pterygoid Osseous expansion of the posterior and medial rami of the pterygoid. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000521 amphibanat AAO:0000365 otic_process_of_palatoquadrate OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000379 amphibanat AAO:0000367 otic_ramus_of_squamosal Ramus (process) that extends medially toward the otic capsule. LAP AAO posterior ramus ramus paroticus OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000254 amphibanat AAO:0000368 otoccipital Fused prootic and exoccipital bones. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000371 ovary AAO:0000213 amphibanat AAO:0000372 palatine Sliver of bone that invest part of or all the posterior aspect of each antorbital plane. LAP AAO neopalatine OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000374 palatine_process_of_pars_palatina_of_premaxilla median palatal squame OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000414 amphibanat AAO:0000375 palatine_process_of_the_pars_facialis_of_the_maxilla OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000400 amphibanat AAO:0000376 palatine_teeth OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000126 amphibanat AAO:0000379 palatoquadrate Column of catilage, remnant in the adult of the larval palatoquadrate cartilage, that is located lateral or antero-lateral to the auditory capsule. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000596 amphibanat AAO:0000380 palatoquadrate_articular_process OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000379 amphibanat AAO:0000381 paranasal_commissure Cartilaginous bridge that extends posteriorly to the anterolateral corner of the posterior nasal wall. LAP AAO commissura lateralis nasi connection between lamina nariochoanalis and postnasal wall processus lingularis OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000384 parasagittal_crest OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000207 amphibanat AAO:0000385 parasphenoid Azygous, median bone of intramembranous origin that underlies the ventral surface of the braincase. LAP AAO keilbein os parasphenoidale os sphenoideum parabasale OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000386 cultriform_process Process that extends anteriorly from the orbitotemporal region. LAP AAO pars medialis rostrum OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000385 amphibanat AAO:0000387 subotic_ala Paired, lateral processes that, when present, support the otic capsules ventrally. LAP AAO processus lateralis OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000385 amphibanat AAO:0000388 parasphenoid_teeth OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000126 amphibanat AAO:0000389 paries_nasi Paired, elongate, ventrolaterally-orieted cartilaginous structures that extend to the premaxilla-maxilla articulation. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000390 parietal OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000393 pars_amphibiorum OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000550 amphibanat AAO:0000394 pars_articularis_of_mandibular_arch Posterior end of Meckel's cartilage that forms the articular head of the mandibular arch. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000289 amphibanat AAO:0000395 pars_basilaris OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000550 amphibanat AAO:0000396 pars_dentalis_of_maxilla Tooth-bearing part of the maxilla. LAP AAO crista dentalis OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000285 amphibanat AAO:0000397 pars_dentalis_of_premaxilla Tooth-bearing part of the premaxilla. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000461 amphibanat AAO:0000399 pars_externa_plectri extracolumellare extrapediale extraplectral extrastapes hyostapes medio-stapedial pars quadrata columellae OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000443 amphibanat AAO:0000400 pars_facialis_of_maxilla OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000285 amphibanat AAO:0000401 pars_facialis_of_maxillopalatine OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000288 amphibanat AAO:0000405 pars_inferior_of_labyrinth OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000238 amphibanat AAO:0000406 pars_interna_plectri Plate-like structure that lies in the fenestra ovalis. It arises within the membrana opercularis in the posterior part of the fenestra. LAP AOO operculum auris operculum fenestrae ovalis OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000443 amphibanat AAO:0000408 pars_media_plectri OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000443 amphibanat AAO:0000413 pars_palatina_of_maxilla Lingual ledge on the inner surface of the maxilla. LAP AAO lamina horizontalis OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000285 amphibanat AAO:0000414 pars_palatina_of_premaxilla Lingual ledge on the inner surface of the premaxilla. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000461 amphibanat AAO:0000420 pars_superior_of_labyrinth OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000238 amphibanat AAO:0000422 pectoral_girdle Skeletal structure immediately behind the head attached to the vertebral column by muscles and supporting the forelimbs. LAP AAO shoulder girdle OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000747 amphibanat AAO:0000423 pectoral_girdle_muscles OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000204 amphibanat AAO:0000426 pelvic_girdle Skeletal structure by which the hind limbs are supported and attached to the vertebral column. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000747 amphibanat AAO:0000427 pelvic_girdle_muscles OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000222 amphibanat AAO:0000428 perilymphatic_system OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000238 amphibanat AAO:0000429 peripheral_nervous_system AAO:0000324 amphibanat AAO:0000430 pigment_cells AAO:0000239 amphibanat AAO:0000431 pila_antotica OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000432 pila_metoptica OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000433 pineal_foramen OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000207 amphibanat AAO:0000434 planum_antorbitale OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000437 planum_conchale OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000438 planum_internasale OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000440 planum_terminale Vertical plate of cartilage that is fused posterodorsally to the oblique cartilage and anteriorly to the lamina inferior. LAP AAO pars terminalis terminal plate OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000441 planum_triangulare Cartilaginous, distal expansion of the lamina orbitonasalis that invests the pars facialis of the maxilla medially. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000443 plectral_apparatus Complex sound-conducting anatomical structure. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000446 posterior_condyle OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000515 amphibanat AAO:0000448 posterior_maxillary_process Process that extends posteriorly from the planum triangulare and invests the maxilla laterally and the anterior ramus of the pterygoid medially. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000449 posterior_maxillary_process_dorsal_process OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000448 amphibanat AAO:0000450 posterior_mental_process OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000274 amphibanat AAO:0000451 posterior_ramus_of_pterygoid In a triradiate pterygoid, the process that extends posterolaterally towards the jaw articulation. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000521 amphibanat AAO:0000453 posterolateral_vomerine_process OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000633 amphibanat AAO:0000454 postnasal_wall Paired, anteriorly concave structures that form the posterior limit of nasal capsule. It consists of two parts: a ventral piece, the lamina orbitonasalis, and a dorsal plate that is part of the tectum nasi. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000458 prearticular Osseous element of intramembranous origin that extends along the lingual margin of Meckel's cartilage. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000274 amphibanat AAO:0000459 prearticular_coronoid_process Point of insertion of the masticatory musculature. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000458 amphibanat AAO:0000460 prefrontal OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000461 premaxilla Paired, intramembranous bones located at the anterior end of the skull; they form the anterior-most segment of the maxillary arch. LAP AAO intermaxillaire premaxillary OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000622 amphibanat AAO:0000464 premaxillary_teeth OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000126 amphibanat AAO:0000467 preorbital_process_of_the_pars_facialis_of_the_maxilla OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000400 amphibanat AAO:0000468 presumptive_blood AAO:0000479 amphibanat AAO:0000469 presumptive_central_nervous_system AAO:0000477 amphibanat AAO:0000470 presumptive_ectoderm AAO:0000479 amphibanat AAO:0000471 presumptive_endoderm AAO:0000479 amphibanat AAO:0000472 presumptive_enteric_nervous_system AAO:0000477 amphibanat AAO:0000473 presumptive_epidermis AAO:0000475 amphibanat AAO:0000474 presumptive_hypochord AAO:0000479 amphibanat AAO:0000475 presumptive_integument AAO:0000479 amphibanat AAO:0000476 presumptive_mesoderm AAO:0000479 amphibanat AAO:0000477 presumptive_nervous_system AAO:0000479 amphibanat AAO:0000478 presumptive_notochord AAO:0000479 amphibanat AAO:0000479 presumptive_structure AAO:0000138 amphibanat AAO:0000480 primary_germ_layer AAO:0000138 amphibanat AAO:0000486 processus_ascendens_plectri Cartilaginous or ligamentous connection between the pars externa plectri and the crista parotica. LAP AAO laterohyale processus ascendens columellae processus dorsalis columellae processus superior columellae suprastapediale OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000399 amphibanat AAO:0000492 processus_infrafenestralis Posterior part of the corpus of the septomaxilla; the posterior surface of the processus infrafenestralis is in contact with the oblique cartilage. LAP AAO dorsal crest OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000645 amphibanat AAO:0000493 processus_internus OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000515 amphibanat AAO:0000494 processus_lingualis_of_pterygoid Dorsolateral process of the of the medial ramus of the pterygoid. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000292 amphibanat AAO:0000500 processus_posterior_of_maxilla Posterior, toothless portion of the maxilla by which it usually comes in contact with the quadratojugal. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000285 amphibanat AAO:0000505 processus_pterygoideus_of_maxilla Posterior end of the pars palatina of the maxilla that is in contact with the anterior ramus of the pterygoid. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000413 amphibanat AAO:0000509 processus_suprafenestralis OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000645 amphibanat AAO:0000512 processus_zygomatico-maxillaris Posterodorsal extension of the maxilla by which it establishes contact with the squamosal. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000285 amphibanat AAO:0000514 prootic Paired, endochondral bones that form the lateral borders of the posterior portion of the braincase and the dorsal, anterior, and lateral walls of the otic capsules. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000515 pseudoangular OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000274 amphibanat AAO:0000516 pseudobasal_process OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000379 amphibanat AAO:0000518 pseudodentary OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000274 amphibanat AAO:0000519 pseudodentary_teeth OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000126 amphibanat AAO:0000521 pterygoid Palatal bones of intramembranous origin that lie anterior to the otic capsules, lateral to the orbits, and medial to the maxillae. LAP AAO pterygoidien OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000596 amphibanat AAO:0000523 pterygoid_process_of_palatoquadrate Process that extends anteriorly from the anterolateral margin of the palatoquadrate and articulates or synchondrotically fuses to the posterior end of the posterior maxillary process. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000379 amphibanat AAO:0000524 pterygoquadrate OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000596 amphibanat AAO:0000525 quadrate_bone Ossified pars articularis of the palatoquadrate cartilage. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000596 amphibanat AAO:0000527 quadrate_process_of_palatoquadrate OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000379 amphibanat AAO:0000532 quadratojugal Paired intramembranous bones that completes the maxillary arch posteriorly; they appear at the end of, or just after, metamorphosis. LAP AAO jugau os jugale quadratjochbeine quadrato-jugals quadrato-maxillare quadratojugale tympano maleaux OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000622 amphibanat AAO:0000538 recessus_fenestrae_ovalis OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000428 amphibanat AAO:0000539 recessus_marsupiatus_of_premaxilla OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000461 amphibanat AAO:0000540 recessus_vaginiformis OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000285 amphibanat AAO:0000541 respiratory_system AAO:0000007 amphibanat AAO:0000542 reticular_connective_tissue Network of reticular fibres (fine collagen) that form a soft skeleton to support the lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen). LAP AAO AAO:0000099 amphibanat AAO:0000543 retroarticular_process Point of insertion of the m. interhuoideus posterior. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000515 amphibanat AAO:0000545 rib Endochondral, rodlike element that articulates with the transverse process and parapophysis (double-headed rib), or with the transverse process only (single-headed rib); it extends into the body wall and provides a site for muscle attachment. Pugener_2002 AAO dorsal rib OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000699 amphibanat AAO:0000547 rostral_process OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000312 amphibanat AAO:0000550 sacculus OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000405 amphibanat AAO:0000551 saccus_endolymphaticus OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000141 amphibanat AAO:0000552 sacrum Enlarged vertebra with transverse processes (diapophyses), and ocassionally ribs, that are modified and elaborated for support of the pelvic girdle. Duellman_and_Trueb_1994 AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000724 amphibanat AAO:0000555 sensory_system OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000324 amphibanat AAO:0000556 septomaxilla Paired, intramembranous bones located within the nasal capsules and embedded in the nasal cartilages; it is pierced by the ductus nasolacrimalis. LAP AAO internasale intranasal lacrimale le cornet nariale nasale os internasale os nariale septomaxillary turbinale OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000559 septum_nasi Medial, vertical plate that separates the nasal capsules. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000560 septum_semicircularium_anterior OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000238 amphibanat AAO:0000561 septum_semicircularium_laterale OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000238 amphibanat AAO:0000562 septum_semircularium_posterior OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000238 amphibanat AAO:0000563 seydels_palatal_process OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000068 amphibanat AAO:0000565 skeletal_support_for_eminentia_olfactoria Elevation of the dorsal surface of the solum nasi medial to the fenestra endochoanalis that provides support for the eminentia olfactoria. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000566 skeletal_system System that provides physical support to the organism. LAP AAO AAO:0000007 amphibanat AAO:0000569 solum_nasi Unpaired, horizontal plate that forms the floor of the nasal capsule. LAP AAO nasal floor planum basale OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000570 spatium_sacculare OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000428 amphibanat AAO:0000571 specialized_connective_tissue AAO:0000098 amphibanat AAO:0000572 sphenethmoid Azygous, endochondral bone that houses the anterior portion of the brain. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000573 splenial OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000274 amphibanat AAO:0000574 squamosal Paired, intramembranous bones that lie at the posterolateral margins of the skull. These bones are composed of three rami that give the squamosals their characteristic T shape. LAP AAO os squamosum os tympanicum paraquadratum squamosum supratemporale supratemporo-squamosum temporo-mastoidien tympanique OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000596 amphibanat AAO:0000579 stomach OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000129 amphibanat AAO:0000580 stylus_of_pars_media_plectri columella auris columellare interstapediale mediostapediale mesostapediale os columellare os intermedium stapes stelidium stilus columellare OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000408 amphibanat AAO:0000581 sulcus_dentalis_of_maxilla Groove located between the pars dentalis and the bases of the maxillary teeth. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000285 amphibanat AAO:0000582 sulcus_dentalis_of_premaxilla OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000461 amphibanat AAO:0000583 sulcus_for_Meckels_cartilage OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000012 amphibanat AAO:0000586 superior_prenasal_cartilage Paired, elongate cartilages that extend anteroventrally to abut the dorsomedial margin of the posterior face of the alary process of the premaxilla. The function of these cartilages is to transmit the movement of the premaxilla to the alary cartilages during the closure of the apertura nasalis externa. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000587 supraangular OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000274 amphibanat AAO:0000588 supraoccipital OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000590 supraorbital_flange OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000207 amphibanat AAO:0000591 suprasphenoid Endochondral ossification of the dorsomedial portion of the braincase. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000596 suspensorium Apparatus located toward the posterolateral end of the skull, at the level of the anterior margin of the otic capsule that suspends and braces the jaw against the skull. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000109 amphibanat AAO:0000597 symphysis_maxillaris OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000620 amphibanat AAO:0000599 taenia_tecti_marginalis OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000601 tectum_nasi Roof of the nasal capsule. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000320 amphibanat AAO:0000602 tectum_synoticum OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000052 amphibanat AAO:0000605 tentacular_foramen AAO:0000621 amphibanat AAO:0000606 testis AAO:0000213 amphibanat AAO:0000607 tissue amphibanat 1 AAO:0000610 trochlear_foramen AAO:0000051 amphibanat AAO:0000611 trunk_muscles OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000307 amphibanat AAO:0000612 trunk_region Region of the vertebral column between the atlas and the sacrum consisting of seven to 285 vertebrae. Duellman_and_Trueb_1994 AAO presacral region thoracolumbar region OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000699 amphibanat AAO:0000615 tympanic_annulus Funnel-like ring structure located lateral to the ventral ramus of the squamosal, beneath the skin; it provides support to the tympanic membrane. LAP AAO annulus tympanicus processus basilaris tympanic ring OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000443 amphibanat AAO:0000619 tympanosquamosal Central, funnel-shaped, ossified portion of the tympanic annulus fused to the squamosal bone. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000596 amphibanat AAO:0000620 upper_jaw Superior maxillary arch located on the anterior and lateral sides of the skull. LAP AAO OBO_REL:part_of AAO:0000109 amphibanat AAO:0000621 upper_jaw_opening AAO:0000620 amphibanat